Apple's first App Store malware now history

6 hrs.

A malicious app that made its way into Apple's App Store, and if downloaded then went ahead and?uploaded a user's phonebook to a remote server, has been removed by Apple. It's believed that the app was the first significant piece of malware to land in the App Store in the four years since it opened.

The app, a contacts utility program?named, "Find and Call," was ejected from the App Store?by Apple late Thursday. "Find and Call"?also found its way into Android's Google Play store, and Google removed it from there as well?Thursday.

Kaspersky Lab discovered the perils of "Find and Call," which includes a Trojan to do the dirty work. Once the user launches the app, Kaspersky says, "he?will be asked to register in the app using his email address and cellphone number (both fields won?t be checked for validity). If user wants to 'find friends in a phone book' his?phone book data will be secretly (no EULA/ terms of usage/notifications) uploaded" to a remote server.

The user, Kaspersky says, will be able to continuing using the app, but at the same time:

... the application steals data from the device (phone book and cellphone numbers) which are uploaded to a remote server to be used for SMS spam campaigns. Each phone book entry will receive SMS spam message offering to click on the URL and download this ?Find and Call? application. It is worth mentioning that the ?from? field contains the user?s cellphone number. In other words, people will receive an SMS spam message from a trusted source.

"Although there have been plenty of reports of Android malware, attacks targeted towards iPhone and iPad users are much much rarer," noted?Vanja Svajcer, SophosLabs principal virus researcher on that company's blog.

"Indeed, the most significant incidents we have seen of iOS attacks (the Ikee and Duh worms) only affected poorly-secured jailbroken iPhones."

Svajcer wrote that "Clearly Apple's 'rigorous' screening of apps before they're allowed in the App Store wasn't quite rigorous enough in the case of the 'Find and Call' app, as it was able to slip through the net."

Trudy Muller, an Apple spokeswoman, told Wired that the app was removed "due to its unauthorized use of users? address book data, a violation of App Store guidelines."?We contacted Apple for comment,?and will update this post if we hear back.

Svajcer of SophosLabs wrote that?it's probably "more accurate" to say that the app is " 'spammy' ?? as it leaks data all over the place in plain text via http (which means, of course, that the data could be intercepted and sniffed by someone wanting to snoop on you)."

While Apple and Google were quick to remove the app, he wrote,?"Obviously it would have (been)?even better if the app's lax respect of users' privacy had been spotted in the first place, and they had never been allowed into those online stores."

Check out Technolog, Gadgetbox, Digital Life and In-Game on?Facebook,?and on Twitter, follow Suzanne Choney.

Source: http://www.technolog.msnbc.msn.com/technology/technolog/apples-first-app-store-malware-now-history-866677

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Emiratis seek crackdown on women's skimpy dress

With the number of foreigners dwarfing that of locals in her hometown of Abu Dhabi, Asma al-Muhairi has become increasingly anxious at the prospect of her younger nieces abandoning their full-length black robes in favor of Western attire that seems to be everywhere she goes.

But it wasn't until the 23-year-old marketing worker came face to face with two scantily-clad female foreigners at one of the many luxury shopping malls in the United Arab Emirates that she decided to take action.

"While going to a mall, I saw two ladies wearing ... I can't say even shorts. It was underwear," said al-Muhairi, whose black abaya ? a long garment worn by conservative Gulf women ? is offset by a gold Versace watch and egg-shell blue handbag.

"Really, they were not shorts," she said. "I was standing and thinking: 'Why is this continuing? Why is it in the mall? I see families. I see kids around.'"

Failing to persuade the mall to intervene, al-Muhairi and another Emirati woman, Hanan al-Rayes, took to Twitter to air their concerns in May.

They were inundated with responses that prompted them to launch a Twitter campaign dubbed (at)UAEDressCode that aims to explore ways to combat the growing number of shoppers in low-cut dresses and hot pants.

Shanghai subway to scantily clad women: No wonder you'll be sexually harassed!

As the campaign picked up steam, it also has served to symbolize the growing concerns among Emiratis, a tiny minority in their own country.

Emirati citizens account for a little more than 10 percent of the 8 million people living in the Gulf nation. Most of the population is made up of Asian, African and Middle Eastern guest workers, as well as Western expatriates living here temporarily.

The overall population more than doubled over the past decade as the country embarked on a building boom that transformed Dubai, up the coast from Abu Dhabi, into the Arabian Gulf's financial hub and a popular tourist draw.

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"I think in an increasingly tumultuous region and in an era of powerful and often intrusive globalizing forces, citizens of the UAE are increasingly concerned that their traditions and core values are being eroded," said Christopher Davidson, an expert on Gulf affairs at Britain's Durham University.

"In some senses, it is a grassroots reaction to authorities and leaders that have for many years done little to check this erosion," he added. "We've seen reactions to alcohol, so now we are seeing a reaction to immodest dress."

Social media helps dress code campaign
Jalal Bin Thaneya, an Emirati activist who has embraced the dress code campaign, said it is a way for Emiratis to show they are concerned about the loss of traditions.

"If we were the majority and had the same make up, things would be different," Bin Thaneya said. "You wouldn't need anything. You would see Emiratis everywhere and you would be afraid of offending them ... Now, we're a minority so you feel the need to reach out to an authority."

As the number of foreigners has increased, so have the stories of them violating the UAE's strict indecency code, which limits drinking to bars and nightclubs and bans public displays of affection. A drunken couple was caught having sex on the beach and another allegedly having sex in a taxi. A Pakistani was deported for flipping the middle finger at a motorist, and the courts are filled with cases of foreigners having sex out of wedlock.

British couple jailed for having affair in Dubai

Most Emiratis rarely come face-to-face with misbehaving foreigners.

The malls, however, are a different story.

They are one of the few places where everyone comes together to escape the brutal summer heat. The cultural clash is hard to ignore, as families of traditionally dressed Emiratis shop and relax in cafes alongside foreign women wearing tank tops, shorts and even transparent gowns over bikinis.

Most malls have policies in place that require "conservative" dress and encourage shoppers to avoid showing shoulders and knees, but few publicize them or enforce them. Police in Dubai, where the mall that al-Muhairi visited was located, didn't respond to a request for comment. They told the Gulf News newspaper there is nothing they can do since there are no specific laws against immodest dress.

"People were seeing it for a long time but they didn't say anything," Bin Thaneya said. "You can't go to the police for such stuff. There is no one to go to. You can't go to the mall management. The mall security guard gets paid less than someone at McDonald's. He isn't going to do anything."

Al-Muhairi's campaign is just one of several over the years led by Emirati women who have tried in vain to enforce the dress code ? handing out brochures, confronting foreigners. But hers has benefited from the growing popularity of social media as well as the Arab Spring popular uprisings, which has given Emiratis a sense they can speak out on some social issues.

The UAEDressCode feed has more than 3,300 followers with a lively discussion that includes plenty of support for a code but also concerns that it would unfairly target foreigners or create divisions between locals and foreigners. Unlike similar campaigns in Kuwait or Saudi Arabia, the impetus for a code has not come from Islamic hard-liners, but from moderate locals like al-Muhairi who love their Starbucks and Western movies but just want foreigners to respect local customs.

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"We are not asking others to cover up like us. We are giving them freedom based on their beliefs and religion," al-Muhairi said. "We are not judging and saying this shows she has other interests. We never want to judge. Do whatever you want and wear what you want but with limits. Just respect the public here."

'This is how I will dress'
The campaign has caught the attention of the Federal National Council, which pledged last month to push for stronger measures to enforce the dress codes. That came after the country's culture minister, Abdulrahman al-Owais, supported efforts to emphasize the conservative traditions of the UAE.

Members of a half-elected, half-appointed council have suggested a law could include warnings and fines but not jail time for offenders. But the FNC has no law-making powers, so any decision now rests with the UAE government.

"If there is a law, the behavior will be different," said Hamad al-Rahoomi, an FNC member who compared a UAE dress code to laws in France that bans the niqab, in which a veil has only a slit exposing a woman's eyes, or the new dress code at Royal Ascot in Britain that aims to limit provocative outfits.

"We don't want to catch people. We just want people to think of the other parties," al-Rahoomi said. "What I want is to go with my family in my country and not see something that is harming me."

The Abu Dhabi police issued this week a booklet on dos and don'ts for tourists that will be available at the Abu Dhabi International Airport and hotels, according to The National newspaper. It advises tourists that public displays of affection including kissing are considered indecent and that they should wear "modest" clothing.

Tourists ? some in skimpy summer dresses, others in shorts and T-shirts ? defended their right to wear what they want, either because it is fashionable or keeps them cool in the summer heat. None of the 10 people interviewed in Dubai and Abu Dhabi knew about a mall dress code, nor were they advised their outfits violated it. Several said a dress code law would go too far.

"I think it's ridiculous because most of the people in Dubai are tourists," said Sarah, a 21-year-old tourist from Kenya wearing a short dress exposing her shoulders and legs. "I want to go somewhere where I would be comfortable in my own skin as a travel destination. I feel comfortable like this and this is how I will dress."

Source: http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/48091401/ns/world_news-mideast_n_africa/

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Human-Animal Diseases Kill 2.2 Million People a Year

Please check the URL for proper spelling and capitalization. If you're having trouble locating a destination on Yahoo!, try visiting the Yahoo! homepage or look through a list of Yahoo!'s online services.

Please try Yahoo Help Central if you need more assistance.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/human-animal-diseases-kill-2-2-million-people-003139018.html

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Rising R&B stars debut at Essence Fest in Big Easy

NEW ORLEANS (AP) ? The first of four nights spotlighting R&B music kicked off Thursday with performances at the Essence Music Festival by industry newcomers, including the Disney Channel's Coco Jones and rapper Diggy Simmons.

Opening day was all about recognizing the young and rising stars to the music scene, while the rest of the weekend was geared toward veterans in the industry, including Aretha Franklin, Charlie Wilson and Mary J. Blige.

For the first time in more than two years, fans will also get to see rap artist Eve, who isn't calling her Essence appearance a "comeback," but rather a "reintroduction."

Though out of the American music spotlight for more than two years, the rapper and actress has regularly performed in venues across Europe and Asia. Still, she said she's excited about her U.S. return and Sunday closing night performance at the Superdome, which will include two shows in one of the music festival's SuperLounges.

"I'm happy to be a part of such an amazing event," she said. "I've always wanted to go (to the festival) just as a fan, but now, to be able to go and perform, I know it will be great. Everybody I've talked to who has done it said they've enjoyed it. I know it's gonna be fun."

Eve said she has no doubt that her show will reinforce the decision by event organizers to book her ? even though she's been under the radar.

"They will see that I haven't lost a thing, haven't missed a step, haven't skipped a beat," she said. "I'm sure there will be some who haven't seen me live in years or maybe ever, but I'm most comfortable on stage and I'm sure I will get them in."

Coco's high energy Essence debut included a cover of "1, 2 Step," the hip-hop song recorded by Ciara and Missy Elliott. The set was full of "fun songs about empowerment, having a party, living a stress-free life. It's all good messages."

After the show, she said she "loved the experience."

"I was able to see the fans' faces and I could see they were having a good time," she said. "That's what it's all about.

The OMG Girlz, Roshon Fegan, Katlyn Nichol, Square Off and New Orleans' own The Roots of Music also performed.

Fegan, who rocked the stage with his club, hip-hop style that he described as along the lines of an "upbeat Bruno Mars," said he would remember his performance for a long time.

"It was amazing," he said. "Stepping on a stage this huge and knowing I'm performing where other great performers have is truly amazing," said Fegan, 20, who produces and writes his own songs and also plays three instruments.

Simmons, too, said the experiencing was incredible. "It really makes me feel good to know that I'm headlining and participating in an Essence event," he said. "Focusing on the youth doing positive things and knowing that I'm a part is really a good feeling."

As in years past, the festival tackles themes of importance to African Americans, such as education and the coming presidential election. But above all, Essence is a celebration of music. Other veteran artists scheduled to perform include Ledisi, Fantasia, Chaka Khan, Trey Songz and D'Angelo, who last month gave his first live performance in the United States in 12 years at Bonnaroo.

R&B singer-songwriter Vivian Green said she's looking forward to her second opportunity to take a stage at the event. Green performs Friday night while fellow R&B singer Stephanie Mills is slated to deliver two shows ? one Friday night and another Saturday.

"This is a really big deal," said Green, who will entertain fans with her hits including "Emotional Rollercoaster" and "Gotta Go Gotta Leave (Tired)."

"It's the biggest black music festival in the United States. What an amazing platform to have the chance at that type of exposure," she said. "A lot of our fans are from small venues that we as artists don't always get to and this event allows us to reach them because the audience includes people from all over."

Green said the festival exudes "great energy."

"There's always a crowd that gives out a lot of love," she said.

In addition to the music, education will be at the forefront of discussions throughout the weekend because many Essence readers have said they feel the demands on young people have become "more sophisticated" in the areas of science and technology, said Essence Communications President Michelle Ebanks.

"There's a big difference even from just a generation ago. Many feel as though the opportunities, the ability to pursue opportunities for the next generation, will be harder. There's a global economy that our children will have to be competitive in," Ebanks said.

The July issue of Essence magazine features an interview with President Barack Obama, and the festival will expound on issues surrounding the coming election, such as the economy, "being able to pay the bills from day to day, hardships and challenges such as unemployment," as well as the housing market crisis, Ebanks said.

Among the opening-day speakers were New Orleans Mayor Mitch Landrieu, who launched a mentoring project called "Saving Our Sons," to help curb crime and violence in the city. His wife, Cheryl, also talked about her program, "Girl Up NOLA," which seeks to inspire and motivate young girls.

"Crime is an epidemic in every major city across the nation," Ebanks said. "The mayor is calling on the entire community to invest in the lives of young men to help prevent violence by putting them on a path to where they are able to focus more on school, on getting an education, to be less likely to get involved in violence."

Essence is one of the premiere music festivals celebrating black culture and music. It's been held every Independence Day weekend since its inception in 1995, when it marked the 25th anniversary of Essence magazine.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/rising-r-b-stars-debut-essence-fest-big-012524699.html

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Burandt: A nurse and lawyer, she brings varied experiences to race ...

(Editor?s note: Four candidates ?? Chad Wurm, Michael McDonough, Ryan Holmgren and Barb Burandt ? are running for an open Elk River City Council seat in Ward 3. The top two winners in the Aug. 14 primary election will advance to the general election in November. Click on the name of the candidate to read more.)

by Joni Astrup
Associate editor

Barb Burandt is running for elected office for the first time, although it?s something she?s thought about for awhile.

Barb Burandt

?As a citizen, I?ve experienced various issues with the council,? she said. ?Not that they were all bad. There were many positive things, but some I didn?t agree with them on. I just thought some day, because I am interested in local government, it would be fun to run (for a local office).?

When she learned of an open seat on the Elk River City Council, some day became now.

Burandt grew up on a dairy farm in Anoka County, graduated from Anoka High School and went through nurse?s training. She moved to Elk River more than 40 years ago after marrying David Burandt. They live on a farm that has been in his family for about 100 years.

They have three children and three grandchildren.

Burandt got her bachelor?s degree in nursing in the 1980s and worked as the first Early Childhood Family Education coordinator in Elk River. The position required a degree in education, so she went back to school to get a master?s degree in adult education.

Then, at age 50, she went to law school and graduated from William Mitchell College of Law. Today she works as the quality specialist for Allina home and community services in the hospice program. She also practices law.

?I always think of myself as a nurse who is an attorney,? she said.

She has worked in nursing management for many years, where she has had to set priorities, budget and work with a team to make decisions, and said those are some of the skills she would bring to the job of council member.

She describes herself as more of a listener than a talker and said getting input from the public is very important.

In general, she supports arts, parks and basic services and is interested in topics like buses, bike safety and walking paths and how those things all help people get around the community.

She thinks Elk River?s emphasis on ?green? is a good thing, and wants to keep building on that.

She supports economic development and exploring what could be done differently to encourage development. She also wants to make sure that downtown thrives. She wants to preserve historic buildings and the basic nature of downtown, but also grow businesses.

In general, she feels Elk River has been blessed as a city and is in a good position. She said the city has had good administrators and been smart with its money.

She sees some potential challenges ahead for local governments, in part because of the rising cost of services, and believes the city needs to continue to hold down costs and maintain services to the greatest extent possible.

?

Source: http://erstarnews.com/2012/07/05/burandt-a-nurse-and-lawyer-she-brings-varied-experiences-to-race/

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Ron Paul's next revolution: Internet freedom

Ron Paul, the man who brought 'End the Fed' into Republican mainstream now has tabbed Internet freedom as a new crusade to be carried on by his son Rand in the Senate.

By David Grant,?Staff writer / July 6, 2012

Sen. Rand Paul (R) of Kentucky speaks on behalf of his father, Rep. Ron Paul (R) of Texas, after a GOP presidential debate in Manchester, N.H., earlier this year.

Evan Vucci/AP/File

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It doesn't have quite the ring of "End the Fed," but Ron Paul's next revolution is a little more tuned in to the 21st century: the battle for Internet freedom.

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The Texas congressman and GOP presidential candidate made eliminating the Federal Reserve the cornerstone of his libertarian political program for more than three decades. Alongside his son, Sen. Rand Paul (R) of Kentucky, however, the Paul movement is going to shift gears to online liberty after Paul p?re's bill to audit the Fed gets its moment in the sun in the House later this month. (The bill will die there, however, as it has no prospects in a Senate controlled by Democrats.)

The announcement, built into a ?manifesto called "The Technology Revolution," released today, from the Paul-backing grassroots group Campaign for Liberty, raises three questions. What does the family Paul want out of Internet freedom? Will they be successful? And what does the change do for the libertarian movement more broadly?

The manifesto builds its case around two fundamental views: the Internet moves faster than government's ability to regulate it and the main obstacles to economy progress and individual freedom online come from government intervention.?

"Around the world, the real threat to Internet freedom comes not from bad people or inefficient markets ? we can and will always route around them ? but from governments' foolish attempts to manage and control innovation," according to the manifesto.

But it's not just government that draws libertarian ire.

"The road to tyranny is being paved by a collectivist-Industrial complex ? a dangerous brew of wealthy, international NGO's, progressive do-gooders, corporate cronies and sympathetic political elites" that want to shackle the Internet, according to the manifesto.

Success in this struggle is, like so much else in the Paul canon, about keeping meddling hands out of the way so that markets and individuals can make their own decisions.

"Technology revolutionaries succeed because of the decentralized nature of the Internet which defies government control," according to the manifesto.

So with all that said, will the Paul/libertarian movement beat back all government involvement in the Internet? Don't count on it. But as the Republican primary process proved, the Paul family policy prescription of deeply cutting government ??You want big cuts? Ron Paul's been screaming it for years ? has resonated in the Republican Party and, indeed, across America this election cycle.

What Paul says openly, such as the need to slash entire federal departments, Republican frontrunner Mitt Romney apparently believes ? but only says so in closed fundraisers.

?The success of this message is way beyond my expectations,? Ron Paul said at a Christian Science Monitor breakfast in September. "Who would?ve ever dreamed that, after 100 years, we?d be talking about the Federal Reserve at debates? I mean, this is fantastic.?

Past performance, as all know, is no definite prescription for the future. But on something as quixotic as ending the Fed, Paul has moved the needle. Why couldn't Ron and Rand have the same impact on Internet policy?

But Ron doesn't have too many more years in the spotlight. What does that all mean for the libertarian movement? Rand, who won as an insurgent in Kentucky's GOP primary in 2010 and who has carried the libertarian agenda into the Senate, will pick up the Paul family banner when Ron retires from Congress at year's end. He will be joined by libertarian supporters in the House, most notably Rep.Justin Amash (R) of Michigan.?

As Buzzfeed's Rosie Gray, who broke the news of the Internet manifesto, put it: "Internet freedom, Paul insiders say, is going to be Rand's end-the-Fed."

The Paul brand has been powered in no small part by young people. The Internet freedom push gives Team Paul a way to relate to a generation of acolytes in a closer-to-home way than the somewhat esoteric crusade against the Fed. It's not that the end of fiat money and a return to the gold standard is going to be leaving the Paul playbook ? it's a central part of the philosophy and something Rand has hewed to consistently.

But leading with the Net, the Paul program could have an entry point to an even wider following.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/Y9yQfCM2xuM/Ron-Paul-s-next-revolution-Internet-freedom

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Google Nexus 7 tablet gets mid-July arrival dates from Staples in US and Canada

Nexus 7 gets midJuly arrival dates from Staples in North America

It's no secret that both the 8GB and 16GB variants of Google's Nexus 7 have been set to ship in two to three weeks from pre-orders placed at its Play store. While retailers like Gamestop are also remaining mum on specifics, Staples has stepped up with actual arrival dates on its US and Canadian websites for the 16GB model. Apparently, fast fingers within the United 50 that lay out $250 to reserve one of the Jelly Bean-loaded slates by July 10 can expect it to arrive as early as the 13th -- that said, Staples notes that this "limited quantity" of initial stock is set to ship "between July 12th and July 17th." Heading to Staple's site for the Great White North, the tablet is listed to hit shelves in-stores and online on the 23rd for 259 Canadian dollars, however, there's no word on when online orders might ship. We'd still advise you to take these dates with some NaCl at this point, but it's likely a safe to bet that you'll have yours before August if you place an order soon.

Google Nexus 7 tablet gets mid-July arrival dates from Staples in US and Canada originally appeared on Engadget on Fri, 06 Jul 2012 20:22:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

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Source: http://www.engadget.com/2012/07/06/google-nexus-7-staples-arrival-date-us-canada/

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25% Off All The Games ? Green Man Gaming

July 6th, 2012

?You look a little lost there, are you one of the many gamers hoping for a sale this season? We?re going to be rolling out something very special in the near future, so make sure to keep a close eye on us and check back frequently.

To kick things off we?re handing you a 25% voucher, which will get you 25% off the listed price for any product on our site, just use this code:

You can use this as often as you?d like up until it expires. When does it expire? 1100 UTC July 9th?2012. 3 full days to get as many deals as you want!

Stuck for ideas to make the most of this fantastic offer? Here are some suggestions from staff:

Looking for something different? Check out our blog post for new content from this week!

*Protip: If you have any trouble with this voucher please contact our customer support team and they will assist!

GMG Trivia: I caught Rob, our Marketing Manager, drinking hot sauce from a bottle. That?s weird, right?

-James

Community Manager

Source: http://blog.greenmangaming.com/2012/07/25-off-all-the-games/

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Two Month-Old Game Show Clip Becomes a GOP Focus Group of One

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/two-month-old-game-show-clip-becomes-gop-211319287.html

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Aqueous iron interacts as strong as solid iron

[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 6-Jul-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Dr. Emad F. Aziz
emad.aziz@helmholtz-berlin.de
49-030-806-215-003
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres

Advances spectroscopy research: HZB scientists come up with new method for examining the structure of metal ions-complexes in solution

HZB scientists have apply a new method -- "inverse Partial Fluorescence Yield" (iPFY) on micro-jet -- which will enable them to probe the electronic structure of liquids free of sample damages. The experiments are performed in vacuum conditions at the LiXEdrom experimental chamber, where a fluid stream of micrometer diameter is moving freely through vacuum and is continuously irradiated with X-ray radiation.

These kinds of experiments are important as they reveal the interaction strength of the X-rays with the liquids and therefore allow for the structural analysis of substances dissolved in solution. "The method will achieve its absolute apprehension when will be applied to metal ions that are part of chemical catalysts used for clean energy production and biocatalysts (protein enzymes) used in biochemical transformation inside the living cells the team leader Prof. Aziz stated, which is the next milestone in our research progress. Previously, these types of experiments were so far only possible if the fluid was contained between two membranes, where radiation damages and membrane induced artifacts were a crucial issue. HZB's Young Investigator Group for Functional Materials in Solution headed by Prof. Dr. Emad Aziz has already applied the new method in iron ions dissolved in aqueous solution. Their findings have now been published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (DOI: 10.1021/jz300403n).

The researchers used X-ray radiation generated by HZB's own electron storage ring BESSY II to examine iron ions in aqueous solution. "We measured the absorption strength of the X-rays from our Fe 2+ and oxygen ions in the liquid micro-beam" explains Malte Gotz, who performed the experiments as part of his graduate research. "From here, we were able to draw conclusions regarding the electronic structure of the iron ions and further more to investigate the interaction of iron ions with the water solvent, " says Gotz.

The researchers used a new approach to measuring X-ray absorption of liquids. "Oxygen, which, along with iron ions, is also present in the solution, turns out to play a rather important role. If X-ray light is used to irradiate and thereby the oxygen that is present in the water will absorb this radiation, and will end up emitting light for a brief period of time. You might compare it to the glow-in-the-dark of a clock," Gotz explains. If you now reduce the amount of incoming radiation by having a different material in this case ionic iron absorbs it, it will directly reduce the amount of radiation emitted by the oxygen. "This in turn allows us to measure the absorption strength of ionic iron," says Gotz.

According to Emad Aziz, by definition, any measurement obtained at the free fluid stream is highly accurate. "A major advantage of our protocol is the fact that besides measuring only the signal from our fluid stream without having to account for any artifacts induced by the surrounding container we are also measuring a continuously fresh liquid sample," Aziz explains. In their studies the scientists found that iron ions suspended in the solution interact strongly with the solvent; a conclusion drawn by the strong 'Coster Kroenig decay process' observed in the liquid system, which were thus far observed only in solid iron. "We concluded that ions interact more strongly with water than was previously thought," says Aziz.

Our next step is to apply the new method to biological functional materials where the transition metals play key biological functions- such as oxygen-carrying iron in human blood. New and deep insights into these catalysts' structure and function are the challenge of our scientific research.

###


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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 6-Jul-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Dr. Emad F. Aziz
emad.aziz@helmholtz-berlin.de
49-030-806-215-003
Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres

Advances spectroscopy research: HZB scientists come up with new method for examining the structure of metal ions-complexes in solution

HZB scientists have apply a new method -- "inverse Partial Fluorescence Yield" (iPFY) on micro-jet -- which will enable them to probe the electronic structure of liquids free of sample damages. The experiments are performed in vacuum conditions at the LiXEdrom experimental chamber, where a fluid stream of micrometer diameter is moving freely through vacuum and is continuously irradiated with X-ray radiation.

These kinds of experiments are important as they reveal the interaction strength of the X-rays with the liquids and therefore allow for the structural analysis of substances dissolved in solution. "The method will achieve its absolute apprehension when will be applied to metal ions that are part of chemical catalysts used for clean energy production and biocatalysts (protein enzymes) used in biochemical transformation inside the living cells the team leader Prof. Aziz stated, which is the next milestone in our research progress. Previously, these types of experiments were so far only possible if the fluid was contained between two membranes, where radiation damages and membrane induced artifacts were a crucial issue. HZB's Young Investigator Group for Functional Materials in Solution headed by Prof. Dr. Emad Aziz has already applied the new method in iron ions dissolved in aqueous solution. Their findings have now been published in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters (DOI: 10.1021/jz300403n).

The researchers used X-ray radiation generated by HZB's own electron storage ring BESSY II to examine iron ions in aqueous solution. "We measured the absorption strength of the X-rays from our Fe 2+ and oxygen ions in the liquid micro-beam" explains Malte Gotz, who performed the experiments as part of his graduate research. "From here, we were able to draw conclusions regarding the electronic structure of the iron ions and further more to investigate the interaction of iron ions with the water solvent, " says Gotz.

The researchers used a new approach to measuring X-ray absorption of liquids. "Oxygen, which, along with iron ions, is also present in the solution, turns out to play a rather important role. If X-ray light is used to irradiate and thereby the oxygen that is present in the water will absorb this radiation, and will end up emitting light for a brief period of time. You might compare it to the glow-in-the-dark of a clock," Gotz explains. If you now reduce the amount of incoming radiation by having a different material in this case ionic iron absorbs it, it will directly reduce the amount of radiation emitted by the oxygen. "This in turn allows us to measure the absorption strength of ionic iron," says Gotz.

According to Emad Aziz, by definition, any measurement obtained at the free fluid stream is highly accurate. "A major advantage of our protocol is the fact that besides measuring only the signal from our fluid stream without having to account for any artifacts induced by the surrounding container we are also measuring a continuously fresh liquid sample," Aziz explains. In their studies the scientists found that iron ions suspended in the solution interact strongly with the solvent; a conclusion drawn by the strong 'Coster Kroenig decay process' observed in the liquid system, which were thus far observed only in solid iron. "We concluded that ions interact more strongly with water than was previously thought," says Aziz.

Our next step is to apply the new method to biological functional materials where the transition metals play key biological functions- such as oxygen-carrying iron in human blood. New and deep insights into these catalysts' structure and function are the challenge of our scientific research.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-07/haog-aii070612.php

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